Chapter 7 of 9

📝 Summary Writing

5 min+20 XP

The summary question requires you to identify key points from specified paragraphs and write a concise summary of ~80 words in your own words.

Do ✅

  • ✅ Use your own words as far as possible (paraphrase)
  • ✅ Write in continuous prose (a single paragraph)
  • ✅ Include only the key points relevant to the question
  • ✅ Use connectors to link ideas smoothly
  • ✅ Keep strictly within 80 words
  • ✅ Start with a topic sentence that addresses the question
  • ✅ Combine related points to save words
  • ✅ Retain proper nouns and technical terms that cannot be paraphrased
  • ✅ Check grammar, spelling, and punctuation
  • ✅ Re-read to ensure it answers the question asked

Don't ❌

  • ❌ Do not copy whole sentences from the passage
  • ❌ Do not include examples, descriptions, or anecdotes from the passage
  • ❌ Do not add your own opinions or outside knowledge
  • ❌ Do not exceed the 80-word limit
  • ❌ Do not write in point form or bullet points
  • ❌ Do not include statistics or specific figures unless they are a key point
  • ❌ Do not begin with "The passage says..." or "The writer states..."
  • ❌ Do not include information from paragraphs not specified in the question
  • ❌ Do not repeat the same point in different words
  • ❌ Do not use overly complex vocabulary that you are unsure of

Summary Writing in 5 Steps

📖
Read the question carefully

Identify exactly what information you need to summarise. Underline the focus area.

🔍
Scan for content points

Find 8-10 relevant points in the passage. Highlight or underline them.

✏️
Write your first draft

Combine points using your own words. Use connectors to link ideas smoothly.

✂️
Cut ruthlessly to 80 words

Remove examples, adjectives, and repetition. Every word must earn its place.

🔎
Proofread for grammar

Check verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, and that it reads as ONE flowing paragraph.

Practice: Summarise the Passage

Target: ~80 words

Source Passage

Singapore's public housing programme, managed by the Housing and Development Board (HDB), is widely recognised as one of the most successful in the world. Over 80 per cent of Singapore's resident population lives in HDB flats, making it the backbone of the nation's housing policy. In recent years, the government has introduced several new initiatives to improve the quality of HDB living and address the evolving needs of residents. One key initiative is the introduction of more green features in newer HDB estates. Rooftop gardens, solar panels, and rainwater harvesting systems are now standard in many Build-To-Order (BTO) projects. These features reduce energy consumption and promote environmental sustainability, aligning with Singapore's Green Plan 2030 goals. The government has also focused on creating more community spaces within HDB estates. Larger void decks, community gardens, and shared fitness corners encourage social interaction among residents of different backgrounds and age groups. This is especially important in a multi-racial society where fostering mutual understanding and neighbourliness is a national priority. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology into HDB estates has enhanced the convenience of daily life. Sensor-based lighting in common areas, smart pneumatic waste collection systems, and digital notice boards are examples of how technology is being used to improve estate management and reduce maintenance costs. However, rising construction costs have led to higher prices for new BTO flats, making affordability a concern for young couples. The waiting time for BTO flats, which can stretch to five years, has also been a source of frustration. Additionally, some residents feel that newer estates lack the character and sense of community found in older, more established neighbourhoods. Despite these challenges, the HDB remains committed to providing quality and affordable homes for Singaporeans, continually adapting its policies to meet the changing demands of the population.
🧠Quick Check

Your summary draft is 95 words but the limit is 80. What should you cut FIRST?

ARemove a content point
BCut examples and illustrations
CShorten every sentence
DRemove all connectors
🏆Challenge Yourself

The 80-Word Challenge

Summary writing is like a puzzle — you need to fit 8 content points into just 80 words. Tip: Write your first draft, then cut ruthlessly. Remove all examples, adjectives, and repetition. Every word must earn its place!

📝Key Takeaway
Summary = 8 content points in 80 words. Write in ONE paragraph using YOUR OWN WORDS. Cut examples, keep points, use connectors.